Agriculture in India: Information About Indian Agriculture & Its Importance

In India, agriculture is the primary source of livelihood for ~55% of the population.

Advantage India

Robust
Demand

* Processed food demand is surging, fuelled by urbanisation, higher incomes, changing lifestyles, and preference for convenience.

* India’s agriculture and fisheries exports grew from Rs. 2,49,264 crore (US$ 35.16 billion) in FY20 to Rs. 4,33,819 crore (US$ 51.23 billion) in FY25, recording 7.82% CAGR and reflecting strong demand growth.

* India targets Rs. 8,549 crore (US$ 1 billion) in turmeric exports by 2030, with the Turmeric Board supporting farmers, maintaining a 58-66% global market share.

*In FY25, India’s fresh fruit exports have grown over 18% in value to Rs. 9,977 crore (US$ 1,171.08 million) from FY24, reaching 85 countries.

Attractive
Opportunities

* India’s seaweed farming sector, valued at Rs. 200 crore (US$ 23.02 million), as of March 2025, is projected to grow to Rs. 3,277 crore (US$ 377.19 million) by 2035, potentially benefiting 1.6 million people.

* India can double maize production to 86 million tonnes by 2047, offering attractive opportunities through high-yield seeds and crop diversification.

*India is redirecting record rice stocks towards ethanol production to support its 20% blending target, manage surplus supplies, and strengthen the role of agriculture in clean energy.

Policy
Support

* The budget for Department of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare increased from Rs. 21,933.50 crore (US$ 2.53 billion) in 2013-14 to Rs. 1,27,290.16 crore (US$ 14.89 billion) in 2025-26, reflecting the government’s commitment to agricultural development.

* The Union Cabinet approved the Prime Minister Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana (PMDDKY) worth Rs. 24,000 crore (US$ 2.79 billion) from FY26 to boost farm productivity, irrigation, credit access, and post-harvest infrastructure for 1.7 crore farmers across 100 districts

Competitive
Advantage

* India has access to several natural resources that provides it a competitive advantage in the food processing sector. Due to its diverse agro-climatic conditions, it has a wide-ranging and large raw material base suitable for food processing industries.​

* In India, agriculture is the primary source of livelihood for ~55% of the population.​

Last updated: Oct, 2025

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